Breed Introduction
The Syrian (Golden) Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus), also known as the Golden or Teddy Bear Hamster, ranks as one of the most cherished pet hamsters, particularly for children. These adorable pets have an average lifespan of 2 to 4 years and measure about 5 to 9 inches (approximately 12 to 22 centimeters) in length, with a weight around 100 to 150 grams. Originating from Syria and Israel, they belong to the rodent family Cricetidae and thrive in deep burrows that offer cool temperatures and high humidity.
Golden Hamsters are on the larger side, with their back fur mostly in shades of golden brown and white undersides, accented with distinctive black markings on their cheeks. Their coat color varies, with some sporting patches of yellow and white or black and white, while others have yellow bodies and dark ears, giving the appearance of wearing a ‘mask.’
Native to Syria and Israel, Golden Hamsters prefer to dwell in deep burrows. These environments offer more suitable conditions of temperature and humidity than the typical desert surroundings, making them ideal for these nocturnal mammals.
Golden Hamsters require ample space due to their solitary nature. They have an extremely short gestation period of just 16 days and are polytocous, with an average of 10 pups per litter. Though their life expectancy is typically 2-3 years, they need careful attention and management, especially concerning breeding and the nurturing of pups.
As nocturnal creatures with solitary habits, Golden Hamsters are also omnivorous, frequently grooming themselves with their tongues. They feed on seeds, nuts, and insects and have large cheek pouches for transporting food. Their burrows can stretch up to 9 meters, and they may hibernate from November to February, seeking shelter in burrows to avoid predation as a food source for various carnivores.
The Syrian Hamster has an especially brief breeding cycle, with females signaling readiness to mate by increasing the frequency of vaginal marking. Ovulation in mature females is influenced by the light cycle, with longer daylight hours inducing ovulation. After successful mating and a 16-day gestation, litter sizes range from 8 to 12 pups, who are born blind and open their eyes between 12 to 14 days of age. Weaning occurs at 19 to 21 days, and they reach sexual maturity at 1 month old.
